Ko e JSON ko e tohi angamaheni ia ʻoku ʻi ai hono ngaahi lao pau. ʻE lava ke hiki ia ʻe he Notepad ʻo fuʻu lelei ʻaupito. Ko e meʻa ʻoku fai hala ʻe he kakaí ko e sātine (syntax), kae ʻikai ko e meʻangāue. Maʻu lelei ʻa e faʻahitá, pea ko hono tauhi ʻo e failé ko e meʻa faingofua taha ia.
Fefeka ʻo Ha Faile .JSON ʻi he Notepad
Jul 3, 20263 min read
Ko e hā ha faile JSON?
Ko e JSON ʻoku tuʻu ia maʻá e JavaScript Object Notation. ʻOku ne tauhi ʻa e fakamatala ko e ngaahi hoa ʻo e kī-mo-e-nofoʻanga (key-value pairs) ʻi loto ʻi he ngaahi kofuʻi fakafetuʻutaki (curly braces), pea ʻoku poupouʻi foki ai ʻa e ngaahi ʻojeki mo e ʻinitameni (arrays) ʻoku fokotuʻutuʻu fakataha. ʻOku ngāueʻaki ia ʻe he ngaahi ʻapasiakeni (apps), API, mo e ngaahi faile fokotuʻutuʻu koeʻuhi ʻoku maʻamaʻa pea ʻe lava ke lau ia ʻe he lea fakamatala kotoa pē ʻoku mahuʻinga.
ʻOku hā ʻa e faile JSON angamaheni ʻo hangē ko eni:
{ "name": "John", "age": 28, "isActive": true, "skills": ["writing", "editing"]}Laka ki he Laka: Fefeka ha faile JSON ʻi he Notepad
Laka 1: Fakaava ʻa e Notepad
Fakaava ʻa e Notepad ʻi hoʻo komipiutá, pe ngāueʻaki ha notepati ʻi he initanetí ʻoku taʻetotongi mei ha paʻake kotoa pē.
Laka 2: Kamata ʻaki ha kofuʻi fakafetuʻutaki ʻoku fakaava
ʻOku kamata ʻa e faile JSON kotoa pē ʻaki ʻa e { ki ha ʻojeki pe [ ki ha ʻinitameni. Ko e tokolahi taha ʻo e ngaahi failé ʻoku kamata ʻaki ia ha ʻojeki.
Laka 3: Tānaki hoʻo ngaahi kī mo e ngaahi mahuʻinga
Hiki ʻa e kī takitaha ʻi loto ʻi he fakaʻilonga lea (double quotes), pea muimui ai ha kōlone (:), pea muimui ai ʻa e mahuʻinga. Vahevahe ʻa e hoa takitaha ʻaki ha kōma (,).
{ "title": "Sample File", "version": 1}Laka 4: Tuku fakalelei ʻa e failé
Fakafeʻao ʻa e kofuʻi fakafetuʻutaki pe ʻatakai kotoa pē ʻoku fakaava mo ha taha ʻoku tāpuni. Ko e hoa kī-mo-e-mahuʻinga fakaʻosi ʻi ha ʻojeki pe ʻinitameni ʻoku ʻikai fiemaʻu ke tuku ki ai ha kōma ʻi he ngataʻangá.
Laka 5: Tauhi ʻaki ha fakalahi .json
ʻAlu ki he File, pea toki lomi ki he Save As. Fili ʻa e All Files ʻi he lisi fakahifo "Save as type". Fakahingoa ʻa e failé ʻaki ha fakalahi .json, fakatātā ki ai ko e data.json. Kapau te ke tauhi taʻe liliu ʻa e lisi fakahifo ko eni, te ke maʻu pē ha faile .txt ʻa ia ʻe ʻikai lava ke lau ko ha JSON.
Laka 6: Sivi mo fakapapauʻi kimuʻa pea ke ngāueʻaki
Lingi pe fakapipiki ʻa e failé ki ha fakahoko fakatonutonu JSON ke fakapapauʻi ʻoku tonu kimuʻa pea ke ngāueʻaki ia ʻi ha sikalipiti (script) pe ʻapasiakeni. Ko ha sivi vave ʻeni te ne fakahaofi koe mei hono kumi hala (debugging) ʻamui.
Ngaahi Lao Sātine JSON ke Manatuʻi
Fakaʻilonga lea tuifio pē (Double quotes only). ʻOku fiemaʻu ʻe he ngaahi kī mo e ngaahi mahuʻinga tohi ʻa e fakaʻilonga lea tuifio, kae ʻikai ko e fakaʻilonga lea taha.
ʻIkai ha kōma fakaʻosi. ʻOku ʻikai ke toe muimui ha meʻa ki he meʻa fakaʻosi ʻi ha ʻojeki pe ʻinitameni.
ʻIkai ha ngaahi fakamatala fakamanatu (comments). ʻOku ʻikai poupouʻi ʻe he JSON angamaheni ʻa e ngaahi fakatokanga // pe /* */ ʻi loto ʻi he failé.
Ko e ngaahi lea moʻoni (booleans) ʻoku faitohi siʻisiʻi pē. Ngāueʻaki ʻa e true mo e false, kae ʻikai ko True pe FALSE.
ʻOku ʻikai fiemaʻu fakaʻilonga lea ki he ngaahi fika. Hiki ʻa e 28, kae ʻikai ko "28", ka ʻikai pē kapau ko e taumuʻa ʻa e mahuʻingá ke hoko ko ha tohi.
Ngaahi Hala Angamaheni mo Founga ke Fakaʻehiʻehi Meiate Ia
Palopalema: Mole ʻa e kōma ʻi he vahaʻa ʻo e ngaahi hoa kī-mo-e-mahuʻinga. Fakatonutonu: ʻOku fiemaʻu ki he hoa kotoa pē tukukehe pē ʻa e meʻa fakaʻosi ha kōma ʻi hono ngataʻangá.
Palopalema: ʻOku ʻikai feʻunga ʻa e ngaahi ʻatakai pe kofuʻi fakafetuʻutaki. Fakatonutonu: Lau hoʻo ngaahi hoa {} mo []. ʻE tuhu ʻa e tokoni sivi ki he laine tofu pē ʻoku ʻikai feʻunga ai.
Palopalema: Fakaʻilonga lea ʻoku teʻeki ke maluʻi ʻi loto ʻi ha tohi. Fakatonutonu: Maluʻi ʻa e ngaahi fakaʻilonga lea loto ʻaki ha backslash, fakatātā ki ai ko e \"He said \"hello\"\".
Palopalema: Ko ha kī taʻe ʻi ai ha fakaʻilonga lea. Fakatonutonu: Kuo pau ke kofuʻi ʻa e kī kotoa pē ʻaki ha fakaʻilonga lea tuifio, naʻa mo e ngaahi meʻa faingofua hangē ko e id pe name.
Fakaʻosiʻosi
Ko ha faile JSON ko e tohi pē ia ʻoku muimui ki ha founga fefeka. Hiki hoʻo ngaahi kī mo e ngaahi mahuʻinga ʻaki ʻa e fakaʻilonga lea tuifio, fakafeʻao hoʻo ngaahi ʻatakai, tukuange ʻa e kōma fakaʻosi, pea tauhi ia ʻaki ha fakalahi .json. Fakalaka ia ʻi ha sivi tuʻo taha kimuʻa pea ke ngāueʻaki, pea kuo ke mateuteu.